中华人民共和国企业法人登记管理条例(附英文)
国务院
中华人民共和国企业法人登记管理条例(附英文)
1988年6月3日，国务院
第一章 总 则
第一条 为建立企业法人登记管理制度，确认企业法人资格，保障企业合法权益，取缔非法经营，维护社会经济秩序，根据《中华人民共和国民法通则》的有关规定，制定本条例。
第二条 具备法人条件的下列企业，应当依照本条例的规定办理企业法人登记：
（一）全民所有制企业；
（二）集体所有制企业；
（三）联营企业；
（四）在中华人民共和国境内设立的中外合资经营企业、中外合作经营企业和外资企业；
（五）私营企业；
（六）依法需要办理企业法人登记的其他企业。
第三条 申请企业法人登记，经企业法人登记主管机关审核，准予登记注册的，领取《企业法人营业执照》，取得法人资格，其合法权益受国家法律保护。
依法需要办理企业法人登记的，未经企业法人登记主管机关核准登记注册，不得从事经营活动。
第二章 登记主管机关
第四条 企业法人登记主管机关（以下简称登记主管机关）是国家工商行政管理局和地方各级工商行政管理局。各级登记主管机关在上级登记主管机关的领导下，依法履行职责，不受非法干预。
第五条 经国务院或者国务院授权部门批准的全国性公司、企业集团、经营进出口业务的公司，由国家工商行政管理局核准登记注册。中外合资经营企业、中外合作经营企业、外资企业由国家工商行政管理局或者国家工商行政管理局授权的地方工商行政管理局核准登记注册。
全国性公司的子（分）公司，经省、自治区、直辖市人民政府或其授权部门批准设立的企业、企业集团、经营进出口业务的公司，由省、自治区、直辖市工商行政管理局核准登记注册。
其他企业，由所在市、县（区）工商行政管理局核准登记注册。
第六条 各级登记主管机关，应当建立企业法人登记档案和登记统计制度，掌握企业法人登记有关的基础信息，为发展有计划的商品经济服务。
登记主管机关应当根据社会需要，有计划地开展向公众提供企业法人登记资料的服务。
第三章 登记条件和申请登记单位
第七条 申请企业法人登记的单位应当具备下列条件：
（一）名称、组织机构和章程；
（二）固定的经营场所和必要的设施；
（三）符合国家规定并与其生产经营和服务规模相适应的资金数额和从业人员；
（四）能够独立承担民事责任；
（五）符合国家法律、法规和政策规定的经营范围。
第八条 企业办理企业法人登记，由该企业的组建负责人申请。
独立承担民事责任的联营企业办理企业法人登记，由联营企业的组建负责人申请。
第四章 登记注册事项
第九条 企业法人登记注册的主要事项：企业法人名称、住所、经营场所、法定代表人、经济性质、经营范围、经营方式、注册资金、从业人数、经营期限、分支机构。
第十条 企业法人只准使用一个名称。企业法人申请登记注册的名称由登记主管机关核定，经核准登记注册后在规定的范围内享有专用权。
申请设立中外合资经营企业、中外合作经营企业和外资企业应当在合同、章程审批之前，向登记主管机关申请企业名称登记。
第十一条 登记主管机关核准登记注册的企业法人的法定代表人是代表企业行使职权的签字人。法定代表人的签字应当向登记主管机关备案。
第十二条 注册资金是国家授予企业法人经营管理的财产或者企业法人自有财产的数额体现。
企业法人办理开业登记，申请注册的资金数额与实有资金不一致的，按照国家专项规定办理。
第十三条 企业法人的经营范围应当与其资金、场地、设备、从业人员以及技术力量相适应；按照国家有关规定，可以一业为主，兼营他业。企业法人应当在核准登记注册的经营范围内从事经营活动。
第五章 开业登记
第十四条 企业法人办理开业登记，应当在主管部门或者审批机关批准后三十日内，向登记主管机关提出申请；没有主管部门、审批机关的企业申请开业登记，由登记主管机关进行审查。登记主管机关应当在受理申请后三十日内，做出核准登记或者不予核准登记的决定。
第十五条 申请企业法人开业登记，应当提交下列文件、证件：
（一）组建负责人签署的登记申请书；
（二）主管部门或者审批机关的批准文件；
（三）组织章程；
（四）资金信用证明、验资证明或者资金担保；
（五）企业主要负责人的身份证明；
（六）住所和经营场所使用证明；
（七）其他有关文件、证件。
第十六条 申请企业法人开业登记的单位，经登记主管机关核准登记注册，领取《企业法人营业执照》后，企业即告成立。企业法人凭据《企业法人营业执照》可以刻制公章、开立银行帐户、签订合同，进行经营活动。
登记主管机关可以根据企业法人开展业务的需要，核发《企业法人营业执照》副本。
第六章 变更登记
第十七条 企业法人改变名称、住所、经营场所、法定代表人、经济性质、经营范围、经营方式、注册资金、经营期限，以及增设或者撤销分支机构，应当申请办理变更登记。
第十八条 企业法人申请变更登记，应当在主管部门或者审批机关批准后三十日内，向登记主管机关申请办理变更登记。
第十九条 企业法人分立、合并、迁移，应当在主管部门或者审批机关批准后三十日内，向登记主管机关申请办理变更登记、开业登记或者注销登记。
第七章 注销登记
第二十条 企业法人歇业、被撤销、宣告破产或者因其他原因终止营业，应当向登记主管机关办理注销登记。
第二十一条 企业法人办理注销登记，应当提交法定代表人签署的申请注销登记报告、主管部门或者审批机关的批准文件、清理债务完结的证明或者清算组织负责清理债权债务的文件。经登记主管机关核准后，收缴《企业法人营业执照》、《企业法人营业执照》副本，收缴公章，并将注销登记情况告知其开户银行。
第二十二条 企业法人领取《企业法人营业执照》后，满六个月尚未开展经营活动或者停止经营活动满一年的，视同歇业，登记主管机关应当收缴《企业法人营业执照》、《企业法人营业执照》副本，收缴公章，并将注销登记情况告知其开户银行。
第八章 公告、年检和证照管理
第二十三条 企业开业、变更名称、注销，由登记主管机关发布企业法人登记公告。 未经登记主管机关批准，其他单位不得发布企业法人登记公告。
第二十四条 企业法人登记管理实行年度检验制度。企业法人应当按照登记主管机关规定的时间提交年检报告书、资金平衡表或者资产负债表。登记主管机关应当对企业法人登记的主要事项进行审查。
第二十五条 登记主管机关核发的《企业法人营业执照》是企业法人凭证，除登记主管机关依照法定程序可以扣缴或者吊销外，其他任何单位和个人不得收缴、扣押、毁坏。
企业法人遗失《企业法人营业执照》、《企业法人营业执照》副本，必须登报声明后，方可申请补领。
《企业法人营业执照》、《企业法人营业执照》副本，不得伪造、涂改、出租、出借、转让、出卖和擅自复印。
第二十六条 企业法人办理开业登记、变更登记、年度检验，应当按照规定缴纳登记费、年检费。开业登记费按注册资金总额的1‰缴纳；注册资金超过一千万元的，超过部分按0．5‰缴纳；注册资金超过一亿元的，超过部分不再缴纳。登记费最低额为五十元。变更登记费、年检费的缴纳数额由国家工商行政管理局规定。
第九章 事业单位、科技性的社会团体从事经营活动的登记管理
第二十七条 事业单位、科技性的社会团体根据国家有关规定，设立具备法人条件的企业，由该企业申请登记，经登记主管机关核准，领取《企业法人营业执照》，方可从事经营活动。
第二十八条 根据国家有关规定，实行企业化经营，国家不再核拨经费的事业单位和从事经营活动的科技性的社会团体，具备企业法人登记条件的，由该单位申请登记，经登记主管机关核准，领取《企业法人营业执照》，方可从事经营活动。
第十章 监督管理
第二十九条 登记主管机关对企业法人依法履行下列监督管理职责：
（一）监督企业法人按照规定办理开业、变更、注销登记；
（二）监督企业法人按照登记注册事项和章程、合同从事经营活动；
（三）监督企业法人和法定代表人遵守国家法律、法规和政策；
（四）制止和查处企业法人的违法经营活动，保护企业法人的合法权益。
第三十条 企业法人有下列情形之一的，登记主管机关可以根据情况分别给予警告、罚款、没收非法所得、停业整顿、扣缴、吊销《企业法人营业执照》的处罚：
（一）登记中隐瞒真实情况、弄虚作假或者未经核准登记注册擅自开业的；
（二）擅自改变主要登记事项或者超出核准登记的经营范围从事经营活动的；
（三）不按照规定办理注销登记或者不按照规定报送年检报告书，办理年检的；
（四）伪造、涂改、出租、出借、转让、出卖或者擅自复印《企业法人营业执照》、《企业法人营业执照》副本的；
（五）抽逃、转移资金，隐匿财产逃避债务的；
（六）从事非法经营活动的。
对企业法人按照上述规定进行处罚时，应当根据违法行为的情节，追究法定代表人的行政责任、经济责任；触犯刑律的，由司法机关依法追究刑事责任。
第三十一条 登记主管机关处理企业法人违法活动，必须查明事实，依法处理，并将处理决定书面通知当事人。
第三十二条 企业法人对登记主管机关的处罚不服时，可以在收到处罚通知后十五日内向上一级登记主管机关申请复议。上级登记主管机关应当在收到复议申请之日起三十日内作出复议决定。申请人对复议决定不服的，可以在收到复议通知之日起三十日内向人民法院起诉。逾期不提出
申诉又不缴纳罚没款的，登记主管机关可以按照规定程序通知其开户银行予以划拨。
第三十三条 企业法人被吊销《企业法人营业执照》，登记主管机关应当收缴其公章，并将注销登记情况告知其开户银行，其债权债务由主管部门或者清算组织负责清理。
第三十四条 主管部门、审批机关、登记主管机关的工作人员违反本条例规定，严重失职、滥用职权、营私舞弊、索贿受贿或者侵害企业法人合法权益的，应当根据情节给予行政处分和经济处罚；触犯刑律的，由司法机关依法追究刑事责任。
第十一章 附 则
第三十五条 企业法人设立不能独立承担民事责任的分支机构，由该企业法人申请登记，经登记主管机关核准，领取《营业执照》，在核准登记的经营范围内从事经营活动。
根据国家有关规定，由国家核拨经费的事业单位、科技性的社会团体从事经营活动或者设立不具备法人条件的企业，由该单位申请登记，经登记主管机关核准，领取《营业执照》，在核准登记的经营范围内从事经营活动。
具体登记管理参照本条例的规定执行。
第三十六条 经国务院有关部门或者各级计划部门批准的新建企业，其筹建期满一年的，应当按照专项规定办理筹建登记。
第三十七条 本条例施行前，具备法人条件的企业，已经登记主管机关核准登记注册的，不再另行办理企业法人登记。
第三十八条 本条例由国家工商行政管理局负责解释；施行细则由国家工商行政管理局制定。
第三十九条 本条例自1988年7月1日起施行。1980年7月26日国务院发布的《中外合资经营企业登记管理办法》，1982年8月9日国务院发布的《工商企业登记管理条例》，1985年8月14日国务院批准、1985年8月25日国家工商行政管理局发布的《公司
登记管理暂行规定》同时废止。(附英文)
REGULATIONS OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA FOR CONTROLLING THEREGISTRATION OF ENTERPRISES AS LEGAL PERSONS
Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民
共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
Whole Document (法规全文)
REGULATIONS OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA FOR CONTROLLING THE
REGISTRATION OF ENTERPRISES AS LEGAL PERSONS
(Adopted by the Fourth Executive Meeting of the State Council on
May 13, 1988, promulgated by Decree No. 1 of the State Council of the
People's Republic of China on June 3, 1988, and effective as of July 1,
1988)
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1
In accordance with relevant provisions of the General Principles of the
Civil Law of the People's Republic of China, the present Regulations are
formulated with a view to establishing a system for controlling the
registration of enterprises as legal persons, confirming their status as
such, safeguarding their legitimate rights and interests, stamping out
illegal business operations, and preserving social and economic order.
Article 2
Any of the following enterprises which are qualified as legal persons
shall register as such in accordance with the relevant provisions of the
present Regulations:
(1) enterprises owned by the whole people;
(2) enterprises under collective ownership;
(3) jointly operated enterprises;
(4) Chinese-foreign equity joint ventures, Chinese-foreign contractual
joint ventures and foreign-capital enterprises established within the
territory of the People's Republic of China;
(5) privately operated enterprises;
(6) other enterprises required by the law to register as legal persons.
Article 3
Those enterprises applying for registration as legal persons shall be
given Business Licenses for Enterprises as Legal Persons and the status of
legal persons when their applications for registration have been examined
and approved by the authorities in charge of the registration of
enterprises as legal persons and their legitimate rights and interests
shall be protected by laws of the State.
Those enterprises, which are required by law to register as legal persons
but which have not gone through the procedures of examination and approval
registration by the authorities in charge of the registration of
enterprises as legal persons, shall not be allowed to engage in business
operations.
Chapter II Registration Authorities
Article 4
The authorities in charge of the registration of enterprises as legal
persons (hereinafter referred to as the registration authorities) are the
State Administration for Industry and Commerce and administrative
departments for industry and commerce at various levels. Registration
authorities at various levels shall perform their functions according to
law under the leadership of higher registration authorities and be free
from unlawful interference.
Article 5
The registration of national corporations, enterprise groups and
corporations handling import-export business set up with the approval of
the State Council or departments authorized by the State Council shall be
examined and approved by the State Administration for Industry and
Commerce. The registration of Chinese-foreign equity joint ventures,
Chinese-foreign contractual joint ventures and foreign-capital enterprises
shall be examined and approved by the State Administration for Industry
and Commerce or by local administrative departments for industry and
commerce authorized by the State Administration for Industry and Commerce.
The registration of son (or branch) companies of national corporations,
enterprises, enterprise groups or companies handling import-export trade
established with the approval of the people's governments of provinces,
autonomous regions or municipalities directly under the Central Government
or departments authorized by them shall be examined and approved by the
administrative departments for industry and commerce of the provinces,
autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central
Government. The registration of other enterprises shall be examined and
approved by the administrative departments for industry and commerce of
the cities of counties (districts) where the enterprises are located.
Article 6
Registration authorities at various levels shall institute a file of the
registration of enterprises as legal persons and a system for tabulating
statistics relating to such registration, and collect basic information
about the registration of enterprises as legal persons so as to serve the
development of a planned commodity economy. Registration authorities
shall offer, in a planned manner and according to the needs of society,
the service of providing the public with data about the registration of
enterprises as legal persons.
Chapter III Conditions for Registration and Entities to Apply for Registration
Article 7
Entities applying for registration as enterprises as legal persons must
satisfy the following conditions, i.e. having:
(1) name, organization and articles of association;
(2) fixed sites for business operations and essential facilities;
(3) funds and employees in conformity with State regulations and in line
with their scale of production, operation or service;
(4) ability to bear civil liabilities independently;
(5) a scope of business in conformity with the provisions of the relevant
laws, regulations and policies of the State.
Article 8
The application of an enterprise for registration as a legal person shall
be filed by the person responsible for establishing the enterprise.
The registration as a legal person of a jointly operated enterprise which
bears civil liabilities independently shall be applied for by the person
responsible for initiating the said enterprise.
Chapter IV Items of Registration
Article 9
The major items to be registered for an enterprise as a legal person are:
name, residence, site for business operation, legal representative,
economic nature, scope of business, mode of operation, registered capital,
number of employees, duration of operation and subdivisions.
Article 10
An enterprise as a legal person shall use only one name. The name to be
used by the enterprise as a legal person in its application for
registration shall be examined by the registration authorities and, after
it is approved and registered, the enterprise as a legal person shall
enjoy the right to the exclusive use of the registered name within a
definite limit.
Those who apply for establishing Chinese-foreign equity joint ventures,
Chinese-foreign contractual joint ventures or foreign-capital enterprises
shall apply to the registration authorities for registering the names of
the enterprises before their contracts and articles of association are
examined and approved.
Article 11
The legal representative of an enterprise as a legal person, which has
been registered after examination and approval by a registration
authority, shall be the signatory who exercises functions and powers on
behalf of the enterprise. The signature of the legal representative shall
be submitted to the registration authority for the record.
Article 12
The registered capital of an enterprise as a legal person represents the
total value of the property the State entrusts to it for operation and
management or that of the property owned by the enterprise itself.
When an enterprise as a legal person registers for starting operations,
the discrepancy between the sum of capital it applies for registration and
the sum of capital it actually possesses shall be handled in accordance
with specific regulations of the State.
Article 13
The scope of business of an enterprise as a legal person shall be in
harmony with its capital, sites, equipment, employees and technical force.
It may focus on one line of business as its main operation while engaging
in other operations simultaneously in accordance with relevant regulations
of the State. An enterprise as a legal person shall engage in operations
within the scope of business as approved in registration.
Chapter V Registration for Starting Operations
Article 14
An enterprise as a legal person shall apply to a registration authority
for registration for starting operations within 30 days after the approval
of the department in charge of it or that of an authority for examination
and approval. For an enterprise which does not have a department in charge
or authority for examination and approval, its application for
registration for starting operations shall be examined by a registration
authority. The registration authority shall make a decision of approval or
disapproval of the application for registration within 30 days after
receiving it.
Article 15
An enterprise as a legal person shall submit the following papers when
applying for registration for starting operations:
(1) an application for registration signed by the person responsible for
its establishment;
(2) the document of approval issued by the department in charge or the
authority for examination and approval;
(3) its articles of association;
(4) a certificate of its credit worthiness, a certificate of the
verification of its capital or a guarantee for its capital;
(5) a certificate of the identity of the principal responsible person of
the enterprise;
(6) a certificate of the right to use the residence and site for
operation;
(7) other relevant papers and certificates.
Article 16
When the application filed by an entity for starting operations as an
enterprise as a legal person has been examined and approved by a
registration authority and a Business Licenses for Enterprises as a Legal
Person is received, the enterprise shall be considered as established. The
enterprises as a legal person may henceforth have its official seal made,
open a bank account, sign contracts and conduct business operations by
dint of its Business License.
The registration authority may, after a check-up, issue duplicates of the
Business License, if the enterprise as a legal person needs them for its
business operations.
Chapter VI Changes in Registration
Article 17
An enterprise as a legal person shall apply for making changes in its
registration whenever it changes its name, residence, site, legal
representative, economic nature, scope of business, mode of operation,
registered capital or duration of operation and whenever it increases or
disbands its branches.
Article 18
An enterprise as a legal person shall apply to the registration authority
for making changes in its registration within 30 days after the changes
are approved by the department in charge or by the authority for
examination and approval.
Article 19
An enterprise as a legal person shall apply to the registration authority
for making changes in its registration, or for registration for starting
operations or for cancelling its registration, whenever it is split up,
or merged with others or moved elsewhere, within 30 days after these
changes are approved by the department in charge or by the authority for
examination and approval.
Chapter VII Cancellation of Registration
Article 20
An enterprise as a legal person shall go through the procedures for
cancelling its registration with the registration authority when it closes
down, is dissolved, declares bankruptcy or terminates its business
operations for other reasons.
Article 21
Whenever an enterprise as a legal person is to cancel its registration, it
must submit an application signed by its legal representative, a document
of approval issued by the department in charge or by the authority for
examination and approval, a certificate showing the completion of the
clearing up of its liabilities, or a document showing that a liquidation
organization will be responsible for clearing up its creditor's rights and
liabilities. The registration authority, after examining and approving the
application, shall recall the Business License for Enterprise as a Legal
Person, duplicates of the License, take over the official seal of the
enterprise, and notify the banks at which it has opened an account of the
cancellation of its registration.
Article 22
An enterprise as a legal person, which fails to start operations 6 months
after receiving its Business License for Enterprise as a Legal Person or
which has ceased its operations for a year, shall be regarded as having
closed down, and the registration authority shall recall its Business
License for Enterprises as a Legal Person, duplicates of the License, take
over its official seal and notify the banks at which it has opened an
account of the cancellation of its registration.
Chapter VIII Announcement, Annual Check-up and Control of Certi- ficates
Article 23
The registration authority shall issue registration announcements whenever
an enterprise as a legal person starts operations, changes its name or
cancels its registration. No other organ shall be entitled to issue such
announcements without the approval of the registration authority.
Article 24
A system for conducting annual check-up shall be instituted to administer
the registration of enterprises as legal persons. An enterprise as a legal
person shall submit its annual check-up report, its balance sheet or
statement of assets and liabilities to the registration authority at the
time it prescribes. The registration authority shall check up the major
items contained in the registration of the enterprise as a legal person.
Article 25
The Business License for Enterprises as a Legal Person issued by the
registration authority is the certificate of an enterprise as a legal
person. Except the registration authority, which may withhold or cancel it
in accordance with the legal procedures, no other organ or individual is
entitled to take over, detain or destroy it. An enterprise as a legal
person, which has lost its Business License for Enterprise as a Legal
Person or duplicates of the License, must announce the loss in a newspaper
before it can apply for a replacement.
The Business License for Enterprise as a Legal Person and its duplicates
may not be forged, altered, leased, lent, sold or reproduced without
permission.
Article 26
An enterprise as a legal person shall pay registration and annual check-up
fees according to the rules when it registers for starting operations and
applies for making changes in its registration and when it receives the
annual check-up. The fees to be charged on registration for starting
operations shall be 0.1% of the sum of the enterprise's registered
capital; in cases where the registered capital exceeds 10 million yuan,
the fees to be charged on the portion in excess of the said sum shall be
0.05% of it; in cases where the registered capital exceeds 100 million
yuan, no fees shall be charged on the portion in excess of the said sum.
The minimum registration fee shall be 50 yuan. Fees to be charged on
making changes in the registration and conducting the annual check-up
shall be prescribed by the State Administration for Industry and Commerce.
Chapter IX Control of the Registration of Business Operations by Institutions and Scientific and Technological Public Organizations
Article 27
When institutions or scientific and technological public organizations
establish enterprises qualified as legal persons in line with relevant
regulations of the state, the applications for registration shall be filed
by the enterprises. They may engage in business operations only after
their applications for registration have been approved by the registration
authorities and after they have received their respective Business
Licenses for Enterprise as a Legal Person.
Article 28
Institutions, which are run like enterprises in accordance with relevant
regulations of the State and which no longer receive operating funds from
the State, or scientific and technological public organizations which are
established for business operations, shall apply for registration if they
are qualified to be enterprises as legal persons. They may engage in
business operations only after their applications have been approved by
the registration authorities and they have received their respective
Business Licenses for Enterprise as a Legal Person.
Chapter X Supervision and Control
Article 29
The registration authorities shall exercise the following functions of
supervision and control over enterprises as legal persons according to
law:
(1) supervising the registration for starting operations, the application
for making changes and the cancellation of registration by enterprises as
legal persons according to regulations;
(2) supervising the conduct of business operations by enterprises as legal
persons in line with the items of registration, articles of association
and contracts;
(3) supervising the compliance of enterprises as legal persons and their
legal representatives with laws, regulations and policies of the State;
(4) stopping, investigating or dealing with illegal business operations of
enterprises as legal persons; protecting their legitimate rights and
interests.
Article 30
The registration authority may, in light of the circumstances, penalize an
enterprise as legal person by warning, fine, confiscation of illegal
earnings, suspension of business for consideration, or withholding or
revoking the Business License for Enterprise as a Legal Person, if it is
involved in any of the following case:
(1) concealing the true situation and resorting to deception in the course
of registration or starting operations before the approval of its
registration;
(2) altering major items in the registration without permission or
engaging in business operations beyond the scope of business as approved
in registration;
(3) failing to cancel registration according to the rules or failing to
submit the annual check-up report or receive the annual check-up;
(4) forging, altering, leasing, lending, transferring, selling or
reproducing the Business License for Enterprise as a Legal Person or its
duplicates without permission;
(5) withdrawing or transferring capital, concealing assets or dodging
liabilities;
(6) engaging in illegal business operations.
While penalizing an enterprise as a legal person in line with the above
provisions, the registration authority shall investigate its legal
representative's administrative and economic responsibilities according to
the seriousness of the violations of the law; judicial organs shall
investigate the criminal responsibilities of those who have violated the
criminal law.
Article 31
The registration authority shall ascertain the facts and act according to
law when dealing with the illegal activities of an enterprise as a legal
person and notify the parties concerned of its decision in writing.
Article 32
When an enterprise as a legal person disagrees with the penalty meted out
by the registration authority, it may appeal within 15 days after
receiving the notice of penalty, to the immediate higher registration
authority for reconsideration. The higher registration authority shall
make a reconsideration decision within 30 days after receiving the appeal
for reconsideration. The enterprise may file a suit in a people's court
within 30 days after receiving the notice of reconsideration if it
disagrees with the reconsideration decision. The registration authority
may, in accordance with the prescribed procedures, ask the bank at which
the enterprise has an account to transfer from its account the sum to be
fined or confiscated as penalty, if it fails to appeal or to pay the fine
or the confiscated sum at the expiry of the prescribed period.
Article 33
When an enterprise as a legal person has its business license revoked, the
registration authority shall take over its official seal and notify the
bank at which it has an account of the cancellation of its registration,
and the department in charge or a liquidation organization shall be
responsible for settling its creditor's rights and liabilities.
Article 34
Any functionary of the department in charge, the authority for examination
and approval or of the registration authority, who has violated the
present Regulations, neglected his duties to a serious extent, abused his
powers, practised graft and embezzlement, extorted and taken bribes or
encroached on the legitimate rights and interests of an enterprise as a
legal person, shall be given administrative or economic penalty in light
of the circumstances; the judicial organ shall investigate, according to
law, his criminal responsibility, if the violates the criminal law.
Chapter XI Supplementary Provisions
Article 35
When an enterprise as a legal person establishes a branch which is
incapable of bearing civil liability independently, the registration of
the branch shall be applied for by the enterprise. The branch shall
receive a Business License after the application is approved by the
registration authority and may engage in business operations within the
scope of business as approved in registration.
In accordance with relevant State regulations, administrative institutions
depending on State funding or scientific and technological social bodies
must apply for registration if they engage in business operations or
establish enterprises not qualified as legal persons. They shall receive
Business Licenses after their applications are approved by the
registration authorities and may engage in business operations within the
scope of business as approved in registration.
The specific control of the registration involved shall be enforced with
reference to the provisions of the present Regulations.
Article 36
For new enterprises to be established with the approval of relevant
departments of the State Council or planning departments at various
levels, if their preparations have been under way for more than 1 year,
applications for the registration of the establishment shall be filed
according to specific regulations.
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广州市全面深化国土房地产管理体制改革方案操作办法
广东省广州市国土房地产
广州市全面深化国土房地产管理体制改革方案操作办法
广州市国土房地产
第一章 总则
第一条 根据《广州深化城市管理体制改革试点区改革总体方案》、《试点区深化国土房地产管理体制改革方案》（以下简称《方案》），制定本操作办法。
第二条 根据《方案》，市国土房管局（以下简称“市局”）对区国土房管局（以下简称“区局”）实行业务领导、监督，由区局组织实施征地拆迁、土地监察、房地产登记、租赁、鉴定、测绘、评估、危房改造工作。
第三条 为适应国土、房地产管理的各项业务工作，区局应根据本区实际，相应建立和健全区征地办、区土地开发中心、区拆迁办、区房地产登记所、区房屋租赁管理所、区房屋安全鉴定所等职能机构，所需人员可从区局机关定编人员中调整解决，或由区编办协调解决。
各区房管局应指导各房管站转制，各房管站转制后从事房产经营和物业管理，保证公有房屋的保值和增值，不再具备行政职能。
第四条 区局建立和健全与市局相应的职能机构时，须具备以下条件：
1．成立专业机构并具备固定办公场所；
2．配备有经培训考核合格、领取上岗证书的专业人员；
3．开展档案综合管理，实现档案管理电脑化，并与市局联网。
第五条 市局委托区局实施具体工作，行政行为主体为市局。《城市房屋拆迁公告》、《建设用地通知书》、《建设用地批准书》、《土地使用权出让合同》、《房地产证》均以市局名义发布、签署或签发。在工作中形成的文件材料，应在规定时间内移交市局房地产档案馆。
依法或依协议应由区局负责的工作，区局应积极完成。
第六条 区局应对市局负责，按照市局的委托、授权范围和法律法规，认真履行职责；市局及所属机构对口派出联络人员，具体指导、监督区局及所属机构的业务活动。对区局的不当行政行为，市局有权予以纠正，区局拒不改正的，市局可收回委托区局的权限或停办区局的相关业务。
第七条 凡市局委托区局实施具体工作，实行备案制度。区局办结的案件应在7个工作日内向市局申请备案。市局对申请备案的案件不核准的，应在收到案件的10个工作日内书面通知区局，逾期的视作同意并生效。
第二章 建设用地管理
第八条 市、区两级建设用地管理实行市管两头，区管中间的原则，市管两头，即“批前”（建设用地通知书）和“批后”（建设用地批准书）的工作；区管中间即征地、收税费、监证、交地、农转非、核减面积等工作。
第九条 建设用地管理要积极地、逐渐地实行“五统一”，即统一规划、统一征地（拆迁）、统一开发、统一出让和统一管理。建设项目用地规模涉及征用集体土地400亩以下的（包括区属大型项目的统一包干征地工作），由区局办理征地补偿手续。包括直接与村镇商谈土地补偿事
宜，申办减免农业税以及“农转非”的初审手续，主持土地交接等工作。400亩以上和市重点项目、特殊项目等建设项目的征地和交地工作由市土地开发中心负责办理。
前款由市土地开发中心负责办理的工作，也可由市局委托区局办理，但必须办理委托合同。
第十条 区局应建立闲置土地检查、建档、处理制度，对辖区内批出的土地情况进行定期追踪检查，对批而不征、征而不拆或者拆而不建的用地红线进行检查及认定工作。凡批出时间超过两年又未经市局批准延期的，由区局负责向市局提出收回土地的申请。凡认定属闲置土地的，负责
依法征收土地闲置费。
第十一条 区局受市局委托，对由区组织实施的道路市政和旧城改造项目的用地，办理有偿出让的前期工作；对有条件的地块由区政府组织统一拆迁，将“生地”改造成“熟地”后再交由市局组织出让实施工作。
第十二条 凡由区负责办理的用地，市局凭区局建议核发《建设用地批准书》函，办妥土地有偿手续后，准予发出《建设用地批准书》。
第三章 房屋拆迁管理
第十三条 市局的职责和事权
1．宣传贯彻国家、省、市有关城市房屋拆迁的法律、法规和规章。
2．制定全市城市房屋拆迁的规范性文件。
3．对全市的房屋拆迁总量实施总体控制。
4．对拆迁单位和拆迁人员实施管理，依法核发房屋拆迁单位资格证、房屋拆迁员证和房屋拆迁工作证。
5．对委托拆迁合同实施审查备案。
6．审批中央、省、市、部队、外地驻穗机构（包括与其合作开发的项目）的拆迁计划和拆迁方案。
7．对拆迁当事人签订的补偿安置协议实施审查备案，依法核发房屋拆迁公告、房屋拆迁许可证。
8．审批永迁点和永迁安置面积增幅。
9．房屋确权、房屋代管。
10．对拆迁纠纷依法实施行政栽决。
11．对拆迁违法行为依法实施行政处罚。
12．核发拆迁结案意见书。
13．对拆迁工作实施跟踪检查。
第十四条 区局的职责和事权
1．对区组织出让和区属单位的建设项目的拆迁计划和拆迁方案进行审批，报市局备案。
2．对区组织出让和区属单位建设项目（包括与其合作开发的项目）的拆迁补偿安置协议进行审批，报市局备案。
3．对拆迁范围内的危房实施安全检查，提出处理意见。
4．对区局管辖内的房屋拆迁，作出房屋确权、代管建议，报市局审批。
5．对区局管辖内房屋拆迁的违法行为提出处理意见，报市局审批。
6．对区局管辖的房屋拆迁案件，提出结案意见报市局审定。
7．对区局管辖内的房屋拆迁实施跟踪检查。
8．行使市局下放的市重点工程项目（包括市政建设、公益建设）的部分管理事权。
9．办理市局交办的其他拆迁管理事项。
第四章 土地监察
第十五条 土地违法案件由土地所在市、区、县级市国土局管辖、查处。
1．市局主要负责对大案、要案和跨区、县级市案件的查处，区、县级市主要负责对辖区范围内违法用地案件的查处。
2．对土地违法案件，区、县级市发现后五个工作日内，应向市局报告；区、县级市对立案和作出行政处罚决定五个工作日内，应向市局抄送立案报告和行政处罚决定书。
3．区、县级市对已立案查处的土地违法案件，应在立案后的一个月内作出行政处罚决定，涉及犯罪的，应移送司法机关。个别案件不能按时作出的，应向市局书面报告。
4．凡区、县级市新发生的土地违法案件在15天内未发现或不按第2条规定办理，累计三次未向市局报告、抄送的，市局将予以通报批评。
第五章 房地产登记发证
第十六条 市局的职责
1．负责全市国土房产登记发证作业的管理，负责贯彻执行国家、省、市有关房地产登记发证的法规、规章和制度；负责全市房地产登记发证方面的规范性文件制定和实施；负责协调、管理、监督、指导各区局发证办的业务工作。
2．负责全市国有土地上的房产总登记和初始登记。对全市房改房、商品房、部队房、宗教房、涉外房予以确权发证以及变更登记、注销登记；对全市单位自管房及私房的总登记和初始登记的确权登记。
3．负责他项权利的登记发证，核发他项权证或出具抵押备案证明书。
第十七条 区局的职责
1．负责对辖区内不涉及改制、资产重组的非生产性单位自管房的初始登记及总登记、落实政策的私人房屋的登记和直管公房的在市局整幢初始确权后的公、私房进行变更登记、转移登记（除买卖交易外的继承、赠与登记）。
2．负责涉及土地出让金的房地产转移登记的收案和到市局办理土地出让金的审核及征收工作。负责对辖区内不涉及收取土地出让金的房地产进行抵押登记，核发他项权证。
3．负责对集体土地房产的总登记和初始登记发证，对“两违”集资房经市局确权后发证。
4．条件成熟后，逐步施行国有土地范围内的房地产初始登记。
第六章 房地产测绘
第十八条 市局的职责
1．负责全市房地产测绘作业的监督管理，房地产测绘资质审查报批，并对区局和受委托测绘单位进行技术培训和业务指导。
2．负责贯彻测绘技术标准，制定我市房地产测绘技术规范。
3．负责全市房地产的地籍管理，负责地籍图地号的编写、管理、图件资料的收集、保存、更新、利用等工作。
4．负责提高测绘管理自动化水平，完善改进房地产绘图软件，建立地籍现代化信息管理系统。
5．负责组织全市房改房、商品房、部队房、宗教房、涉外房、拆迁征审等测绘工作及其他属市局发证需进行房地产测绘的工作。
6．负责全市房地产地籍基础图和较大项目房地产测绘的组织实施。
7．负责房地产测绘成果质量的监督管理。
8．负责裁定房地产测绘纠纷。
第十九条 区局的职责
1．负责区辖内直管公房、集体土地房产的测绘，受市局委托和监督可进行区辖内房改房和集资房的测绘工作及其他属区局登记发证需进行的房地产测绘。经市局审批的区局也可负责其他属市局登记发证需进行的房地产测绘。
2．负责建立区局地籍现代化信息管理系统。在系统未建立联网前，区局负责每月将修绘的资料送市局归档，作统一管理。
3．区局施测的房地产基础地籍图、分宗图及较大项目的房地产测绘的图件、资料、控制点坐标、验收报告等，需复制送市局整理归档。
4．地籍图应按保密条例进行管理，严禁擅自复印、复制。
5．负责市局交办的其它测绘任务。
第七章 房地产评估
第二十条 市局的职责
负责政府指令性评估即政府公益性、职能性评估，包括：
1．国有土地使用权出让；
2．行政、司法机关决定或裁定以房地产作价补偿、赔偿；
3．依照房地产价值为纳税基数的项目等。
第二十一条 区局的职责
评估业务范围包括：
1．国有土地使用权转让、抵押；
2．组建中外合资企业、股份制企业及上市公司对房地产作价投资、入股；
3．不涉及土地出让金的企业兼并或破产需对房地产评估；
4．房屋抵押、典当、投保等。
第八章 房屋租赁管理
第二十二条 市所的职责
1．负责《广州市房屋租赁管理办法》及《广州市房屋租赁管理办法实施细则》在全市范围的贯彻执行；参与制定房地产租赁管理法规、政策。
2．负责全市房地产租赁管理行业的业务管理，对各区房地产租赁管理所的业务具有指导、管理、协调、监督的职能。
3．为统一、平衡全市房屋租赁管理工作，市所每年向区所下达工作指标，提出工作要求。
4．负责办理涉外（指当事人双方或一方是境外，含台湾、香港、澳门的经济组织驻国内的办事机构、外资独资、中外合作、中外合资企业及香港、澳门个人）的房屋租赁，以及市属以上的宾馆、酒店房屋租赁登记管理；其中港澳台同胞出租住宅的，由区局办理。
5．组织全市房屋租赁管理人员的业务培训和考核。
6．参与制定房屋租赁参考价格（原为指导价格）。
7．检查监督全市房屋管理执法情况，受理对违法房屋租赁行为和违法管理行为的检举、投诉；协助房屋租赁案件的行政复议、调查处理工作。
8．负责全市房屋租赁管理办事表格的统一印制工作。
9．参与房地产租赁市场的调研和信息收集、发布工作。
10．法律、法规、规章规定的或市局授予的其他职责。
第二十三条 区所的职责
1．按照工作要求，全面完成市所下达的工作指标。
2．负责辖区内除涉外房产及中央、省、市、部队、外地驻穗机构的宾馆、酒店以外的房屋租赁登记和市所委托办理的房屋租赁合同审查、登记、管理。
3．负责辖区内房屋租赁价格评估。
4．负责辖区内房屋租赁市场的稽查。
5．负责辖区内房屋租赁违法案件的查处和房屋租赁纠纷的调解，并上报市所备案；协助执行市局作出的行政处罚决定。
6．协调与政府其他职能部门的关系，配合所在辖区做好社会环境综合治理工作。
7．每月5日前向市所上报房屋租赁管理统计报表、会计报表和数据磁盘。
8．完成上级主管部门交办的其他任务。
第二十四条 建立年度考核制度。市局和市所对区所每年进行一次考核，以委托要求和每年市所下达的任务的完成情况（包括质量和数量等）为考核内容，对考核不合格的，责令限期整改，逾期仍不能改正的为不合格，连续两年不合格的，市局收回委托。
第九章 房屋安全鉴定
第二十五条 市所的职责
1．负责《广州市房屋安全管理规定》在全市范围内的贯彻执行。
2．负责全市房屋安全鉴定行业的业务管理，对各区房屋安全鉴定所的业务具有指导、管理、监督、协调的职能，督促区所按照《贯彻广州市房屋安全管理规定的若干意见》的“八统一”（鉴定标准、鉴定程序、鉴定文书、鉴定专用章、培训发证上岗、使用电脑软件、资料归档、收费
标准）要求开展工作。
3．为统一、平衡全市房屋安全鉴定工作，市所每年制定工作计划，对区所提出工作要求。
4．负责办理涉外的非住宅房产和市属以上的宾馆、酒店、公共娱乐场所（含影剧院、歌舞厅等）以及省、市法院委托，其他技术难度较大、项目较复杂的房屋安全检查和鉴定。
涉外房产是指房产当事人双方或一方在境外，含台湾、香港、澳门的经济组织驻国内的办事机构，外资独资、中外合资、中外合作企业及香港、澳门个人。
其他技术难度较大、项目较复杂的房屋安全检查和鉴定是指：
（1）灾难性房屋：300平方米以上的房屋发生火灾或塌房事故的房屋鉴定；
（2）因建筑施工质量原因引起房屋整体损坏，建筑面积在1000平方米以上的房屋鉴定；
（3）因集体性纠纷而需要房屋鉴定；
（4）因施工事故造成工地周边房屋需紧急排危抢险的鉴定。
5．组织全市房屋安全鉴定人员的学习交流、业务培训和考核，带动全市房屋安全鉴定技术和管理水平的不断提高。
6．法律、法规、规章规定的或市局授予的其他职责。
第二十六条 区所的职责
1．接受市所在业务上的指导、管理、协调和监督，按照《贯彻广州市房屋安全管理规定的若干意见》的“八统一”要求，开展房屋安全鉴定和管理工作。
2．根据工作要求，全面完成市所下达的工作任务。
3．负责辖区内除市所办理的业务以外的房屋安全鉴定工作，包括开具新基坑开挖周边房屋的安全鉴定证明，市局市场处在核发商品房预售证明时把关。
4．每月5日前向市所上报上月房屋安全鉴定统计报表（在全市鉴定所未联网前，用磁盘将工作数据复制）及会计报表。
5．完成上级主管部门交办的其他业务。
第二十七条 建立年度考核制度。市局和市对区所每年进行一次考核，以委托要求和每年市所下达的任务的完成情况（包括质量和数量等）为考核内容，对考核不合格的，责令限期整改，逾期仍不能改正的为不合格，连续两年不合格的，市局收回委托。
第十章 危房改造
第二十八条 市所的职责
1．负责全市危房改造管理行业的业务管理，对各区危房改造管理所具有指导、管理、协调、监督的职能。完成由市负责的危房改造任务。
2．制订危房改造的近期和远期工作计划。
3．负责办理危房改造项目向市计委申请立项的有关手续。
4．参与制定组织实施危房改造管理的政策、法规等。
5．组织全市危房改造管理人员的业务培训工作，支持、帮助区所解决工作中存在的困难和问题。
6．法律、法规、规章规定的或市局授予的其他职责。
第二十九条 区所的职责
1．在市所的统一领导下，按照市、区两级签订的责任状，负责本辖区危房成片改造和零星分布的危房改造工作。
2．负责辖区内危险房屋的督修工作，确保辖区内房屋不发生倒塌伤人事故。
3．协调与政府其他职能部门的关系，配合市所完成全市危房改造工作。
4．完成上级主管部门交办的其他任务。
第三十条 奖惩办法
1．在规定期限内完成危房改造任务的单位，市局应按危房改造建筑面积每平方米20元给予奖励。
2．在规定期限内未能完成危房改造任务的单位，市局按未完成部分的危房改造房屋建筑面积每平方米10元予以惩罚。
第十一章 业务收费的分配
第三十一条 按照市局与区局的职责和事权分工，区局收取职权范围内的征地管理费、拆迁管理费、房地产登记费、房地产测绘费、房屋租赁登记费和房屋安全鉴定费，并按规定的比例上交市局。各项收入以实际发生数为依据，并在会计报表中反映。
第三十二条 征地管理费的收取标准，仍按省国土厅〔1986〕136号和市政府〔1996〕125号文执行。区局收取的征地管理费，应在次月15日前将上月收入总额的25％上交市局。
第三十三条 区局收取由区政府组织出让的项目和区属单位建设项目的拆迁管理费。在次月15日前将上月收入总额的30％上交市局，余额上缴区财局，并按规定返还使用。其他项目的拆迁管理费由市局收取，并连同区局上交的费用一并上缴市财局，按规定返还使用。
第三十四条 区局受理的房地产登记，其登记费、工本费、测绘费由区局收取，在次月15日前将上月收入总额的10％上交市局作为市局业务指导、图册资料和证书印制等费用。
第三十五条 区局收取的房屋租赁登记费和房屋安全鉴定费按收入总额的30％在季度结束后15天内上交市局。根据需要市局从区局上交收入中提取30％支持区所作业务费和奖励金。
第三十六条 各区租金与市局的分配比例，由市局与各区局另行协商确定。
第十二章 附则
第三十七条 本《办法》由市局负责解释。
第三十八条 本《办法》自1999年5月1日起施行，海珠区局，东山区局与其他区局适用本《办法》，原《试点区深化国土房地产管理体制改革方案操作办法》自本《办法》实施之日起废止。
1999年5月1日
