中华人民共和国和加拿大政府海运协定
中国政府 加拿大政府
中华人民共和国和加拿大政府海运协定
（签订日期１９９７年４月４日 生效日期１９９７年４月４日）
中华人民共和国政府和加拿大政府（以下简称“缔约双方”），为了进一步发展两国间的友好关系，促进两国贸易的发展，加强海运领域的合作，确保畅通无阻的海洋运输和港口开放，在平等互利的基础上，达成协议如下：
第一条 定义
在本协定中，除非另有规定：
一、“协定”系指本协定，由此产生的任何附件及对本协定及其附件的任何修正案。
二、“公司”系指按照缔约任何一方法律、法规在该缔约一方境内注册和／或具有商业存在并从事国际海运船舶经营的航运经济实体。船舶经营系指该公司对该船舶在营运、财务和法律上承担责任。公司还指合营公司和子公司。
三、“船员”系指在缔约一方船舶航次中在该船上履行或将要履行服务，持有本协定第十三条所指身份证件，并列入该船船员名单的人员。
四、“船舶”系指在缔约任何一方登记或由缔约任何一方公司经营的从事国际海运的商船。本协定不包括军用船舶、渔船和其他不从事商业航运的船舶。
第二条 适用范围
一、本协定的规定仅适用于缔约任何一方的国际海运。缔约一方的船舶为了卸下从外国进口的货物或装载出口国外的货物而在缔约另一方对外国船舶开放的国际通商港口间航行时，仍适用本协定。旅客运输亦同。
二、缔约各方的船舶有权在缔约双方对外国船舶开放的国际通商港口间航行，从事缔约双方或缔约任何一方与非缔约方之间的客货运输。任何新增的对外轮开放的港口将自动对缔约双方从事国际海运贸易的船舶开放。
三、本条的规定不影响非缔约方的船舶从事缔约双方之间客货运输的权利。
第三条 待遇标准
一、缔约各方在以下方面应给予缔约另一方船舶不低于给予其他国家船舶的优惠待遇：
（一）港口准入；
（二）使用泊位、港口设施和服务；
（三）装卸货物及办理必要的港口手续；
（四）上下旅客；
（五）中转；
（六）缴纳港口规费和使费；
（七）使用航行设施和服务。
二、本条的规定不适用于：
（一）缔约任何一方由于其国家为海关联合体或自由贸易区成员而给予其他国家的待遇；
（二）为便利比邻边境区的交流而给予周边国家的待遇。
第四条 便利海运的措施
缔约双方应在各自法律和港口规章允许的范围内，便利和加快海上运输，避免船舶不必要的延误，并尽可能加快和简化港口所需的海关及其他手续。缔约双方承认根据港口国管理谅解备忘录所产生的权利和义务。
第五条 相互承认船舶文件
一、缔约各方应承认第一条第四款所定义的船舶的国籍及其文件。
二、缔约一方持有根据《一九六九年国际船舶吨位丈量公约》签发并为缔约另一方承认的有效国际吨位证书的船舶，在缔约另一方港口免予重新丈量，所有与船舶吨位有关的港口费用应以这些证书为依据计收。
第六条 代表处、子公司和分公司
缔约各方的公司可按照缔约另一方的适用法律和法规在其境内设立代表处和子公司和／或分公司，子公司和分公司可以按照缔约另一方的法律和法规从事经营活动。
第七条 代表
一、应允许缔约一方的公司在互惠的基础上在缔约另一方境内派驻开展国际海运服务所需要的代表及商业、业务和技术人员。
二、这些人员的任用可由缔约一方公司选择：或者使用自己的人员，或者使用在缔约另一方境内并根据缔约另一方的法律、法规获准在其境内从事此类服务的其他组织或公司提供的服务。
三、上述代表和工作人员应遵守缔约另一方现行法律和法规。根据法律和法规的要求：
（一）缔约各方应在互惠的基础上并尽可能以最少的延误，给予本条第一款所指代表和工作人员所需要的工作许可、访问签证或其他类似文件；
（二）缔约双方应便利和加快临时从事某些职责的工作人员雇佣许可要求。
第八条 税收
一、关于中华人民共和国和加拿大居民的税收规定列于１９８６年５月１２日在北京签订的《中华人民共和国政府和加拿大政府关于对所得避免双重征税和防止偷漏税协定》中（本条简称《税收协定》）。本协定不应影响这些规定的执行。
二、缔约双方同意，关于对从事国际海运的公司和船舶以收入计征营业税问题应比照税收协定办理。
第九条 结算和资金的转移
一、根据缔约方适用的法律和法规，缔约一方的公司在缔约另一方境内从事国际海运所得应以可自由兑换的货币结算。该所得可以用于支付在缔约另一方境内产生的费用或根据需要自由兑换和汇寄。
第十条 海运事故
一、如果缔约任何一方的船舶发生海难或事故，事故所在管辖区的缔约一方应尽快通知缔约另一方。缔约双方应对遇险船舶、船员、货物和旅客给予尽可能的帮助和照料。
二、遇险船舶，其货物、设备、部件、物料及其他船舶物品，只要不在缔约另一方境内使用或消费，应免除因其进口而课征的关税或其他任何形式的税收。
三、缔约各方应与缔约另一方的事故调查当局合作，并鼓励船东和船舶经营人充分参与事故调查。
四、本条的各项规定不应影响对船舶、船员、货物和旅客提供帮助和照料而要求的赔偿。
第十一条 海上安全
一、缔约双方根据国际法承担的权利和义务，重申其相互承担的反对非法干涉行为以保障国际海运安全的义务应构成本协定的一个组成部分。
二、缔约双方不限制其根据国际法承担的权利和义务的普遍性，将特别遵循１９８８年３月１０日在罗马签订的《制止危及海上航行安全非法行为公约》和《制止危及大陆架固定平台安全非法行为议定书》以及双方均执行的其他有关海上安全的多边协定的规定。
第十二条 危险货物
缔约任何一方的船舶承运危险、有害物质应遵从有关国际公约和缔约双方的法律、法规规定的对此类船舶建立的足够预防措施，防止、消除或控制对缔约双方环境造成污染。
第十三条 船员身份证件
一、缔约各方承认缔约另一方主管当局颁发的船员身份证件。这些身份证件为：
（一）在中华人民共和国方面，为中华人民共和国海员证；
（二）在加拿大方面，为海员身份证或护照。
二、由非缔约国主管当局根据其规定为在缔约任何一方船舶上工作的其国家的船员，包括前往登船任职和卸任离船的船员，颁发的身份证件，如符合缔约一方有关承认护照或护照代用证件的国内法规，也应作为有效身份证件予以承认。
三、缔约双方应根据其各自有关的法律和法规，准许持有本条第二款所指身份证件的船员享受本协定第十四条规定的待遇。
第十四条 船员入境和逗留
一、根据缔约双方的有关法律，持有本协定第十三条所指身份证件的船员：
（一）在其船舶在缔约另一方港口停留期间可以不需签证上岸临时逗留，但船长应按照该港有关现行规定向港口当局递交一份船员名单。生病的船员可以不需签证上岸治病，但受益方应支付有关医疗费用。
（二）船员因开始或终止船上服务而登船、回国，或因有关缔约方主管当局接受的其他原因，在取得签证后，可以根据其具体情况作为旅客乘坐任何交通工具分别进入、通过或离开缔约任何一方领土。上述有关主管当局应尽快发给签证。
二、缔约双方保留拒绝不符合要求的船员入境的权利。
三、缔约双方同意，如缔约一方的船员未能返船，该船船长或公司代表应在该船驶离缔约另一方港口前立即向缔约另一方有关当局报告。
第十五条 遵守法律
一、缔约一方的船舶、船员、旅客和货物在缔约另一方的领海或港口停留期间，应遵守该国的有关法律和规定。
二、在遵守本条第一款规定的前提下，缔约一方当局不应干预缔约另一方船舶上的内部事务。内部事务不应包括在其境内发生的构成违反该缔约方刑法的犯罪。如进行干预，有关当局应将所采取的行动尽快通知有关领事部门或公司代表。
三、在履行海关、移民、检疫和类似法规时，缔约各方应给予缔约另一方船舶不低于给予从事类似国际运输服务的其他任何国家船舶的优惠待遇，并在对等的基础上和其法律和政策允许的范围内，给予对方船舶不低于给予本国船舶的优惠待遇。
第十六条 国际权利和义务
一、本协定不影响缔约任何一方根据国际协定，或因该缔约方作为国际组织成员国，所享受的权利和承担的义务。
二、如果缔约双方均执行的有关国际海运的多边协定生效，并与本协定的规定有矛盾，缔约双方应根据本协定第十八条的规定进行协商。在双方达成一致以前，应以上述多边协定的规定为准。
第十七条 透明度
缔约各方对缔约另一方要求提供影响执行本协定措施方面的信息，应给予迅速回复。
第十八条 协商
一、为保证本协定的充分执行和便利两国间的国际海运服务，必要时并经缔约任何一方要求，缔约双方主管当局应进行会晤，解决本协定在执行中产生的问题。该协商应尽快举行，在任何情况下，应在提出要求后一百二十天内会晤，除非双方另有协议。
二、就本条而言，主管当局系指：
（一）中华人民共和国交通部；
（二）加拿大运输部。
三、如主管当局的名称发生变化，缔约双方应通过外交途径进行必要的通知。
第十九条 协定的修改
一、如缔约任何一方认为需要修改本协定的条款，可通过外交途径书面要求缔约另一方就修改本协定进行协商。该协商应尽快举行，在任何情况下，应在提出要求后一百二十天内举行，除非双方另有协议。
二、协商一致的修改经缔约双方外交换文确认后生效。
第二十条 生效和终止／废除
一、本协定自签字之日起生效。
二、本协定经缔约任何一方通过外交途径书面通知可以终止或废除。协定的终止或废除自该通知发出之日起六个月后生效。
第二十一条 标题
本协定使用的标题仅作参考之用。
本协定由下列经各自政府正式授权的人员签订，以昭信守。
本协定于一九九七年四月四日在温哥华签订，一式两份，每份都用中文、英文和法文写成，每种文本同等作准。
中华人民共和国政府 加拿大政府
代 表 代 表
黄镇东 大卫·安德森
（签字） （签字）
汽车金融公司管理办法(英文版)
中国银行业监督管理委员会
China Banking Regulatory Commission No. 4 Order
Upon the approval of the State Council, the Administrative Rules Governing the Auto Financing Company is now promulgated by the China Banking Regulatory Commission.
Chairman Liu Mingkang
October 3, 2003
Administrative Rules Governing the Auto Financing Company
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1 The Administrative Rules Governing the Auto Financing Company (hereinafter referred to as the Rules) is stipulated in accordance with relevant laws and regulations to serve the need of developing auto financing business and regulating the business activities of the non-bank financial institutions engaging in auto financing business.
Article 2 Auto financing companies referred to in the Rules are defined as non-bank financial legal entities charted by the China Banking Regulatory Commission in compliance with relevant laws, regulations and the Rules to provide loans for auto buyers and dealers in the mainland of China.
Article 3 Auto financing companies are supervised and regulated by the China Banking Regulatory Commission.
Chapter II Incorporation, Change and Termination
Article 4 The establishment of an auto financing company shall be subject to the approval of the China Banking Regulatory Commission.
Without the approval of the China Banking Regulatory Commission, no individual or entity shall be allowed to establish an auto financing company, or engage in auto financing business, or include in the name of a company such names as “auto financing” or “auto loan” that indicate the company’s engagement in auto financing business
Article 5 An investor of an auto financing company shall satisfy following requirements:
(a) It shall be a corporate legal entity incorporated in and outside China.
If the investor is a non-financial entity, its total assets of the previous year shall be no less than RMB4 billion yuan or an equivalent amount in convertible currencies; its annual business revenue of the previous year shall be no less than RMB2 billion yuan or an equivalent amount in convertible currencies.
If the investor is a non-bank financial institution, its registered capital shall be no less than RMB300 million yuan or an equivalent amount in convertible currencies;
(b) It shall have sound business performance and remain profitable for the last three consecutive years;
(c) It shall comply with the laws of the countries where it is incorporated and shall have a clean record;
(d) In case of the largest investor, it shall be an auto enterprise or a non-bank financial institution.
The auto enterprise refers to an enterprise that manufactures and sells the whole unit of an automobile.
The largest investor refers to the investor with the largest share of capital and its capital contribution accounting for no less than 30 percent of the total equity of the auto financing company;
(e) It shall not invest in more than one auto financing company; and
(f) It shall satisfy other prudential supervisory requirements set forth by the China Banking Regulatory Commission.
Article 6 An auto financing company shall satisfy the following conditions in order to be incorporated:
a) the minimum amount of registered capital required by the Rules;
b) Articles of Association that complies with relevant laws including the Company Law of the People’s Republic of China and the Rules;
c) senior management familiar with auto financing and other related business;
d) a sound organizational structure, management and risk control systems;
e) proper business premises, safety measures and other facilities for business operations; and
f) other conditions set out by the China Banking Regulatory Commission.
Article 7 The minimum registered capital of an auto financing company shall be no less than RMB500 million yuan or an equivalent amount in convertible currencies. Registered capital shall be paid-in capital.
The China Banking Regulatory Commission shall have the power to adjust the minimum registered capital of an auto financing company in line with the developments of auto financing business and the prudential requirements, but the adjusted floor shall not be lower than the amount provided in this Article.
Article 8 The establishment of an auto financing company shall cover two stages, i.e. the preparation stage and the business commencement stage. The Chinese text of all application documents for the preparation and the business commencement stages shall prevail.
Article 9 To apply for the preparation of a prospective auto financing company, the largest investor of the company shall act as the applicant and submit the following documents to the China Banking Regulatory Commission:
(a) an application letter, including the auto financing company’s name, location of incorporation, registered capital, business scope and investors’ names and amounts of investment, etc.;
(b) a feasibility study on establishing the auto financing company, including a market analysis, a business plan, the organizational structure, an assessment of the company’s risk control capability, the proforma balance sheet and profits in the following three years after the business commencement;
(c) an Articles of Association of the auto financing company (a draft note);
(d) basic information of each investor of the auto financing company, including name, legal representative, location of incorporation, a photocopy of the business license and a summary of business performance, etc.;
(e) the investor’s balance sheet, profit and loss statement and cash flow statement for the latest three years audited by qualified auditing firms;
(f) name and resume of the person in charge of the preparation; and
(g) other documents required by the China Banking Regulatory Commission.
If the applicant is a foreign non-bank financial institution, it shall submit the consent of its home country supervisory authority in writing. If the applicant is a non-financial entity, it shall submit the credit rating report of the previous year by a rating agency.
Article 10 The China Banking Regulatory Commission, upon receiving a complete set of application documents for the preparation of an auto financing company, shall provide its decision of approval or denial in writing within six months.
Article 11 The applicant shall, upon receiving the approval letter from the China Banking Regulatory Commission, complete the preparation within six months. If the applicant has justification for prolonging the preparation stage beyond the prescribed period, it shall submit a written application to the China Banking Regulatory Commission before the original deadline falls due, and may extend the preparation stage for up to three months subject to the approval.
If the applicant fails to apply for business commencement upon the completion of the preparation stage or the extended preparation stage, the original approval document for the preparation shall become void automatically.
During the preparation stage, the applicant shall not conduct any auto financing business.
Article 12 The applicant shall, before the deadline of the preparation stage or the extended preparation stage, apply for business commencement to the China Banking Regulatory Commission with the following attachments:
(a) a report on completion of the preparation and an application letter for business commencement;
(b) a certification of paid-in capital issued by a qualified Chinese certifying agency, and a registration certificate issued by the State Administration of Industry and Commerce;
(c) articles of Association of the auto financing company;
(d) names and detailed resumes of proposed senior managerial personnel;
(e) name and capital contribution of each shareholder;
(f) proposed business rules and procedures and internal controls;
(g) verification documents on business premises and other business-related facilities issued by relevant authorities; and
(h) other documents required by the China Banking Regulatory Commission.
Article 13 The China Banking Regulatory Commission, upon receiving a complete set of business commencement application documents, shall provide its decision of approval or denial of the application within three months. If the application is approved, the applicant shall receive a written approval letter attached with a license to conduct financial business with the prescribed business scope. If the application is denied, the applicant shall receive a written notice in which reasons for denial are provided.
The applicant shall, before commencing operations, register with the State Administration of Industry and Commerce with the presentation of the license to conduct financial business, and receive a corporate legal entity business License.
The China Banking Regulatory Commission shall revoke the license to conduct financial business and issue a public notice of the revocation if the auto financing company, after receiving the business license, fails without justification to open business within three months, or, without approval, stops operation for six consecutive months after business commencement.
Article 14 An auto financing company shall not set up any branch or subsidiary.
Article 15 The appointment of the senior managerial personnel of an auto financing company shall be either subject to the qualification review by the China Banking Regulatory Commission or filed with the China Banking Regulatory Commission for record.
The chairman of the board of directors, general manager and deputy general manager, executive directors, and chief financial officer of an auto financing company are subject to the qualification view by the China Banking Regulatory Commission. The qualifications of these senior managerial personnel and procedures relating to qualification review and filing for record shall be issued separately.
Article 16 An auto financing company, in case of any of the following changes, shall seek the approval of the China Banking Regulatory Commission:
(a) change of company name;
(b) change of registered capital;
(c) change of business premises;
(d) change of business scope;
(e) change of organizational structure;
(f) change of equity structure;
(g) revision of Articles of Association;
(h) change of senior managerial personnel;
(i) merger or split; and
(j) other changes that require the approval of the China Banking Regulatory Commission.
Article 17 The liquidation of an auto financing company whose operation is terminated because of dissolution, closure or bankruptcy, shall be carried out in compliance with relevant laws and regulations.
Chapter III Business Scope and Supervision
Article 18 An auto financing company may conduct all or part of the following lines of Renminbi business with the approval of the China Banking Regulatory Commission:
(a) taking deposits with maturity of no less than three months from its shareholders in the mainland of China;
(b) extending loans for auto purchase;
(c) extending loans to auto dealers for purpose of purchasing automobiles or facilities for operations (including the show-room construction, purchase of spare parts and equipment repairs);
(d) transferring and selling auto loan receivables;
(e) borrowing from financial institutions;
(f) providing guarantee for auto purchase financing;
(g) agency business relating to auto purchase financing; and
(h) other loan business approved by The China Banking Regulatory Commission.
Article 19 An auto financing company, in case of extending loans to a natural person for auto purchase, shall observe relevant rules governing the auto loans to individual buyers promulgated by the relative supervisory authority. In case of extending auto loans to a legal entity or other organizations, an auto financing company shall observe relevant rules set out by General Provisions of Loans and other regulations.
Article 20 An auto financing company, without the approval of relevant regulatory authorities, shall not issue bonds or borrow funds from overseas. When an auto financing company’s establishment and business operations involve currency exchange, outward repatriation of profits, provision of auto loans for non-residents, capital management or other business transactions relating to foreign exchange administration, the company shall be subject to relevant regulations to be jointly issued by relative regulatory authorities and the State Administration of Foreign Exchange.
Article 21 An auto financing company shall meet the requirement on the capital to risk assets ratio, and the capital adequacy ratio shall not be less than ten percent. The China Banking Regulatory Commission may increase the minimum requirement of capital adequacy ratio of an individual company in line with the company’s risk profile and risk management capability. Other requirements on risk control and management relating to various kinds of assets shall be issued separately by the China Banking Regulatory Commission.
Article 22 An auto financing company shall adopt relevant accounting rules for financial institutions.
Article 23 An auto financing company shall compile in required format and submit to the China Banking Regulatory Commission the balance sheet, the profit and loss Statement, the cash flow statement and other statements required by the China Banking Regulatory Commission, and submit the financial statements of the previous year within three months after the end of each accounting year.
An auto financing company shall not provide false financial statements, or statements in which important facts are concealed.
Article 24 An auto financing company shall establish and improve various business management systems and internal controls in line with Guidelines on Strengthening Internal Controls of Commercial Banks issued by the People’s Bank of China, and report the systems to the China Banking Regulatory Commission before their implementation.
Article 25 An auto financing company shall accept the on-site examination and the off-site surveillance by the China Banking Regulatory Commission.
Article 26 The China Banking Regulatory Commission may call the legal representatives or other senior managerial personnel of an auto financing company for inquiries into problems discovered during regular examinations, and demand the company to correct within a prescribed time frame.
Article 27 An auto financing company shall establish a system of external audit on a regular basis and submit to the China Banking Regulatory Commission annual auditor’s report signed by the company’s legal representative within six months after the end of each accounting year.
Article 28 An auto financing company, in case of encountering payment difficulties or other emergencies, shall take remedial actions, and promptly report to the China Banking Regulatory Commission.
Article 29 The China Banking Regulatory Commission shall demand remedial actions by an auto financing company in case of the following circumstances:
(a) The company suffers from a loss in the current year of above 50 percent of the registered capital or losses in the last three consecutive years of above 10 percent of the registered capital;
(b) The company is in payment difficulties; and
(c) The company faces other major operational risks that the China Banking Regulatory Commission deems necessary to issue an order for corrective actions.
Article 30 The China Banking Regulatory Commission, after issuing an order for corrective actions to an auto financing company, may take the following enforcement actions:
(a) demanding or prohibiting the change of the company’s senior managerial personnel;
(b) suspending part of the company’s business or prohibiting the company’s engagement in new business lines;
(c) demanding an increase of the company’s capital within a prescribed time frame;
(d) demanding the company to change its equity structure or implement other forms of restructuring;
(e) prohibiting the dividend distribution; and
(f) other enforcement actions that the China Banking Regulatory Commission deems necessary.
Article 31 An auto financing company, when receiving an order for remedial actions, shall not resume normal business operations until the following conditions are met and are approved by the China Banking Regulatory Commission:
(a) Solvency is restored;
(b) Losses are covered; and
(c) Major operational risks are addressed.
Article 32 The maximum time limit that an auto financing company is allowed for corrective actions shall not exceed one year. If the company fails to meet the objectives of remedial actions within the prescribed time limit, its operation shall be terminated in accordance with relevant laws and regulations.
Article 33 Auto financing companies may establish a trade association for self-regulation purposes. The activities of the trade association are subject to the guidance and oversight of the China Banking Regulatory Commission.
Chapter IV Legal Liabilities
Article 34 Any establishment of an auto financing company or any auto financing business without the approval of the China Banking Regulatory Commission shall be banned. If the case constitutes a crime, criminal liabilities shall be investigated. If the case dose not constitute a crime, the China Banking Regulatory Commission shall confiscate the illegal earnings and impose a fine between one to five times the illegal earnings. If no illegal earnings are involved, the China Banking Regulatory Commission shall issue an order for remedial actions and impose a fine of no less than RMB100,000 yuan and no more than RMB500,000 yuan.
Article 35 The China Banking Regulatory Commission shall demand correction and impose a fine of RMB1000 yuan if a company, without the approval of the China Banking Regulatory Commission, includes in its name such words as “auto finance”, “auto loan”, etc. that indicate the company’s engagement in auto financing business.
Article 36 In case of an auto financing company being found to engage in business activities beyond its prescribed business scope, the China Banking Regulatory Commission shall issue a warning against the company, confiscate the illegal earnings and impose a fine in a range of one to five times the illegal earnings. If no illegal earnings are involved, the China Banking Regulatory Commission imposes a fine of no less than RMB100,000 yuan and no more than RMB500,000 yuan. If the case constitutes a crime, the criminal liabilities shall be investigated.
Article 37 In case of an auto financing company being found in violation of relevant provisions of the Rules to provide false financial statements or statements in which important facts are concealed, the China Banking Regulatory Commission shall issue a warning against the company, and impose a fine of no less than RMB100,000 yuan and no more than RMB500,000 yuan. If the case constitutes a crime, the criminal liabilities shall be investigated.
Article 38 In case of an auto financing company being found in violation of relevant provisions of the Rules to reject or impede the examinations and oversight by the supervisor, the China Banking Regulatory Commission shall issue a warning against the company, and impose a fine of no less than RMB10,000 yuan and no more than RMB30,000 yuan.
Article 39 An auto financing company, in case of being found in violation of the Rules, shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of Article 34 to Article 38. If the violation is a serious one, the China Banking Regulatory Commission may ban the company’s senior managerial personnel from holding senior management position for one to ten years, or in some particular case, for life.
Article 40 An auto financing company, in case of being found in violation of other Chinese laws and regulations, shall be subject to enforcement actions by relevant regulatory authorities.
Chapter V Supplementary Provisions
Article 41 The Rules is applicable to all auto financing companies incorporated in the mainland of China funded by investors from Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan province.
Article 42 The Rules enters into effect on October 3, 2003, and the power of the interpretation rests with the China Banking Regulatory Commission.
